“Two cities have been formed by two loves. The earthly by the love of self. The heavenly by the love of God.” So writes Augustine, bishop of Hippo, during the waning years of the Roman Empire in the early 400's. Look about yourself, and see, he suggests, the produce of the love of self. An earthly city whose citizens seek nothing but gratification and gain while sowing the seeds of their own destruction. But look to heaven, indeed, look to the church, and see another city whose people seek not themselves but God, in whom they find peace and home. God judges both the earthly city and the heavenly city, and none except for Christ can stand proud in themselves against that judgment. But the difference between the two is not that one is sinful and the other sinless. The difference is humility: “a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.” There was plenty of history for Augustine to look at to see the brokenness of the world, of false hopes and ideologies just in his o...